There are a number of problems that cause pain in the neck. Irritation along nerve pathways in the neck can cause pain in the shoulder, head, arm, and/or hand.

CAUSES OF NECK PAIN:

Neck pain can be caused by irregularities in the soft tissues areas, namely in the muscles, ligaments, and nerves. The irregularities can also occur in the bones and joints of the spine. The most common causes of neck pain in the soft-tissue regions are due to injuries, degeneration, or prolonged wear and tear on the muscles and ligaments. In rare cases, infections or tumors may be the cause of neck pain. For some people, neck problems may be the source of pain in the upper back, shoulders, or arms.

Other causes of neck pain can be caused by:

INFLAMMATORY DISEASES - Rheumatoid arthritis can cause destruction of the joints of the neck. Rheumatoid arthritis typically occurs in the upper neck area.

CERVICAL DISK DEGENERATION - The cervical discs act as a shock absorber between the bones in the neck. In cervical disk degeneration, which typically occurs in people age 40 years and older, the normal gelatin-like center of the disk degenerates and the space between the vertebrae narrows. As the disc space becomes narrow, additional stress is placed on the joints of the spine.

INJURY - Because the neck has so much flexibility and it must constantly support the head, it is extremely susceptible to injury. Motor vehicle or diving accidents, participation in contact sports, traumatic injuries, or falls may result in neck injuries. The regular use of safety belts in motor vehicles can help to minimize or prevent neck injury.

OTHER CAUSES - Tumors, Infections, or Congenital abnormalities of the vertebrae may also cause neck pain and range of motion limitations.

Risks and Prevention of Neck Pain

You may be most shocked to learn that you do much of your standing, sitting, exercise and other activities with a forward head. Test yourself and see if you have a tendency to tilt forward:

• Stand with your back to a wall, but not touching the wall.
• Back yourself up to the wall until something on your body makes contact.

Start paying attention to how other people sit while eating or how they tend to carry a large purse or backpack. Does their neck tilt forward against the load or are they using muscles to hold the spine in a healthy position? The average person will overstretch their neck and upper body unequally so often, it is a mystery that they don’t have more pain.

• Stand with your whole body (heels, hips, upper back, and the back of your head) against a wall.
• Bring the back of your head against the wall without raising or dropping your chin, or arching your back.
• If you cannot keep your heels, hips, upper back, and the back of your head against the wall in a comfortable position or you crane your neck, you are too tight to stand up straight.

Many people are susceptible to neck and shoulder pain because of repetitive work-related issues, poor posture, and overall bad habits. The things listed below will help you assess your situation and your likely cause of neck and shoulder pain.

Be aware of your Posture

If you are sitting in the same position for long amounts of time you are a prime canditate for neck stiffness and pain.

• Identify the risks associated with your job and your daily work routine. If you are required to lift heavy objects or are at risk of injury due to a fall or other trauma, you may eventually sustain a more serious injury which causes neck pain. Be certain you take the necessary precautions and safety measures while working.
• Make an appointment with your doctor for a full check-up annually, especially if you are at increased risk of osteoporosis or congenital problems.
• Examine your lifestyle for habits that may lead to pain. Pay attention to how you fall asleep, or when you are resting on the couch. Pillows that are very soft or filled with feather or down are likely to cause bad posture during sleep. You should investigate pillows that support the natural curve of your back and neck. Make sure you have suitable furniture in your home. A desk chair that is not supportive or a pillow that doesn’t offer enough neck support will lead to bad posture and result in neck pain.
• Use relaxation techniques when you are under mental and emotional stress. Stress is a major culprit in bad cases of neck pain. Incorporate the following daily exercises and activities into your day to keep muscles flexible and healthy. Exercising regularly will also reduce tension and stress hormones in your body.

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